Quantum Computing: Is It Just a Dream? Raymond W. Simmonds National Institute of Standards and Technology, Quantum Metrology Division Quantum Computing represents a new paradigm for computer science. Based on physical systems that are described by Quantum Mechanics, it offers a unique way to store and process information at speeds that dwarf even the operation of "classical" supercomputers in use today. In 2000, the director and deputy director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) established the NIST Quantum Information Program  (http://qubit.nist.gov). This program is a coordinated effort to build the first (prototype) quantum logic processor. This Program builds on the broad internationally recognized research programs led by David Wineland, Manny Knill, and Ray Simmonds in Boulder, CO as well as William Phillips, the 1997 Nobel Prize winner in Physics, in Gaithersburg, MD. This presentation will first provide a conceptual overview in order to introduce the general concepts required to understand the benefits provided by quantum computation. The remainder will focus on a few different physical systems that can be engineered to operate as quantum bits or qubits, the key components needed for quantum computing. Although this new technology is only in its infancy, it appears that progress in this field will have a distinct and broad impact on the future of information technology.