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Persistent Singularities and Crack Motion
Robert Deegan Physics, U Texas, Austin
Singularities are a common feature of the solutions to partial
differential equations and constitute a breakdown of the long-wavelength
description of the system. Often the macroscale behavior of the system is
unaltered by the microscale physics that regularizes the singularity.
However, for some systems, such as contact line motion, the physics within
the singularity determines the systems long-wavelength evolution. I will
argue based on my results from two recent experiments that fracture is
also such a system; its long-wavelength behavior is dominated by the
stress singularity at the crack tip. In the first of these experiments,
silicon is fractured at 80o K. In the absence of strong thermal
fluctuations, I find that cracks cannot travel slower than a certain
threshold, due to the atomic discreteness of a solid. In the second
experiment, silicon is fractured by a slow moving thermal gradient. I find
that the crack path is qualitatively different than in an isotropic solid,
indicating a strong dependence on the underlying crystal lattice.
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